"The Hibernia Coinage of William Wood (1722-1724)"
by Sydney F. Martin

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THE HIBERNIA COINAGE

OF

WILLIAM WOOD

(1722-1724)

by

Sydney F. Martin

C4 Publications
The Colonial Coin Collectors Club

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction by Michael Hodder                                                                                           xiii
Preface                                                                                                                                 xv
Acknowledgments                                                                                                               xvii
Abbreviations Used                                                                                                              xix
Translation of Legends found on Wood’s Hibernia Coins                                                       xx

Chapter                        Title                                                                                              Page

1          A Brief History of the Hibernia Coinage of William Wood                                           1

2          Making the Coins                                                                                                     15
            2.1       Design Considerations  15
            2.2       The Coining Process                                                                                     15
                        2.2.1    Die Preparation                                                                                15
                        2.2.2    Matrix and Punch Preparation                                                           18
                        2.2.3    Planchet Preparation                                                                         20
                        2.2.4    Striking             21
                        2.2.5    Circulation Wear                                                                              24
            2.3       Manufacturing and Production Facilities                                                         24
            2.4       The Quantities Produced                                                                               25
            2.5       Conventions Used                                                                                        27
                        2.5.1    Taxonomy                                                                                        27
                        2.5.2    Identification Scheme                                                                        28
                        2.5.3    Use of the English Language                                                              29
                        2.5.4    Coins Versus Dies                                                                            29

3          The Hibernia Farthings of William Wood                                                                   33
            3.1       Introduction and Summary                                                                            33
            3.2       Presentation  of Obverse  and Reverse Dies                                                  37
                        3.2.1    Obverse Dies                                                                                   38
                        3.2.2    Reverse Dies                                                                                    39
            3.3       Attributing Farthings by Die                                                                           40
                        3.3.1    Obverse Farthing Attributions                                                           40
                        3.3.2    Reverse Farthing Attributions                                                            42
                        3.3.3    Farthing QUICKFINDER Tables                                                     43
            PRESENTATION OF FARTHING OBVERSES                                                    51
            PRESENTATION OF FARTHING REVERSES                                                    85

4          The Hibernia Halfpence of William Wood                                                               113
            4.1       Introduction and Summary                                                                          113
            4.2       Presentation of Obverse and Reverse Dies                                                  123
                        4.2.1    Obverse Dies                                                                                 123
                        4.2.2    Reverse Dies                                                                                  126
            4.3       Attributing Halfpence by Variety                                                                 130
                        4.3.1    Obverse Halfpenny Attributions                                                      130
                        4.3.2    Reverse Halfpenny Attributions                                                       132
                        4.3.3    Halfpenny QUICKFINDER Tables                                                135
            PRESENTATION OF HALFPENNY OBVERSES                                              149
            PRESENTATION OF HALFPENNY REVERSES                                               279

5          American Colonial Associations                                                                              397
            5.1       Historical Background for American Circulation                                          397
            5.2       Physical Evidence of American Circulation                                                  398
            5.3       Numismatic Acceptance of American Circulation                                         402
            5.4       Conclusion                                                                                                 403

Appendix                     TITLE                                                                                          Page

A         Miscellanea Hiberniana                                                                                        407
            A.1      Special Strikes                                                                                            407
            A.2      Associated Items                                                                                        410
            A.3      Planchet Errors             411
            A.4      Errors in Striking                                                                                         411
            A.5      “New” Varieties from Altered Coins and Fantasy Creations                         413
            A.6      Electrotype and Other Cast Copies                                                             420
            A.7      Modern Struck Copies 421
            A.8      Post-Strike Modifications                                                                           424
            A.9      Counterstamps                                                                                           424
            A.10    Documentation             428
            A.11    A Curiosity                                                                                                 436

B          Grading Standards                                                                                                  439

C         Rarity Estimates for Wood’s Hibernia Coins                                                            445

D         A Correlation of Hibernia Varieties in Earlier Taxonomies with
                         the Martin Taxonomy   459
            D.1      Dr. Philip Nelson                                                                                        459
            D.2      Robert Vlack                                                                                              460
                        D.2.1   Preliminary Typological Classifications                                             460
                        D.2.2   Detailed Classification by Varieties                                                  461
            D.3      Don Taxay                                                                                                 464
            D.4      Walter Breen                                                                                              464

E          Illustrative Materials                                                                                                471